Introduced in the sprawling eastern city in 1873 during the early days of the imperial British Raj, trams in Kolkata were initially horse-drawn, then steam-driven.
Kolkata, the last Indian city still running trams, is preparing to say goodbye to its 150-year-old tram service as West Bengal plans to discontinue most routes. Transport Minister Snehasis Chakraborty cited increasing traffic congestion as the main reason for this decision. However, the historic route between Maidan and Esplanade will remain operational to preserve a part of the city’s cultural heritage.
This move has disappointed many locals and tram enthusiasts, who see the trams as an integral part of Kolkata’s history and identity.
Did you know that trams were first introduced in 1873 as horse-drawn carriages? For over a century, they have been a central part of Kolkata’s public transportation system, becoming synonymous with the city’s identity. With the recent decision to phase out most tram routes, Kolkata is set to lose one of its most unique features. The trams have long set the city apart from other Indian cities, embodying its heritage and nostalgia.
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The government asserts that the decision is driven by practical concerns. According to the transport minister, Kolkata’s narrow streets and limited road space—making up only six percent of the city’s surface area—can no longer accommodate the slow-moving trams. With the number of vehicles on the roads increasing, traffic jams during peak hours are expected to worsen. Currently, traffic congestion remains a significant issue for the city.
Several tram routes across the city have already been suspended, hinting at a gradual phase-out of the service. However, the government plans to maintain the heritage tram line from Maidan to Esplanade. This route will allow locals and tourists to continue experiencing Kolkata’s historical charm, ensuring that not all is lost.
According to the state government, the heritage route will continue to offer a pleasant and eco-friendly travel option in the city.
The decision to discontinue the tram service has led to protests from locals who believe that trams are not merely a mode of transportation but also a symbol of Kolkata’s rich cultural legacy. They argue that losing the trams would mean losing a significant part of the city’s heritage. Currently, the matter is under review by the Calcutta High Court.
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